Elucidating the probiotic strategy with Pediococcus acidilactici BCB1H and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HMX2 for restoring normal functions of gut and suppressing inflammation in a DSS-induced colitis animal model
Main Article Content
Keywords
DSS-induced colitis, dysbiosis, gut microbiota, L. plantarum HMX2, P. acidilactici BCB1H
Abstract
Background: Several inflammatory diseases, including colitis, are treated via probiotics but still the mechanism is not clear.
Objective: This study aimed to restore normal functioning of the gut and ameliorate inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice via the probiotic intervention of Pediococcus acidilactici (P. acidilactici) BCB1H and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) HMX2.
Material and Methods: L. plantarum HMX2 and P. acidilactici BCB1H showed a remarkable reduction in the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, shortening and damage of the colon, decreased tight junction protein, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the blood of mice. Two treatment groups were administered with probiotic strains based on animal weight for a duration of 28 days; however, prior to this, DSS was induced.
Results: After consuming both probiotics, the levels of inflammatory markers, such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukins (IL-1β) exhibited a noticeable decline, indicating a reduction in inflammation. The Disease Activity indices for both probiotic-treated groups (P. acidilactici BCB1H- and L. plantarum HMX2-treated groups) were significantly lower (1±0.45, 1±0.36, 3±0.08, 1±0.18, respectively) than that for the DSS-treated group. Both these treatment strains significantly affected the markers of oxidative stress and inflammation (i.e., malondialdehyde [MDA], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and myeloperoxidase [MPO], compared to the intoxicated group. Similarly, the BCB1H- and HMX2-treated groups showed partial recovery, with improved hepatocyte structure and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, compared to the intoxicated group. Polymerase chain reaction results of gel analysis showed crucial indicators that measure both colonic integrity and inflammation across four experimental groups of colitis-induced mice. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), E-cadherin, and MUC2 mucin served as evaluated markers across experimental groups.
Conclusion: Increased expression of these genes suggests that both probiotic strains successfully enhanced and restored normal functions of the gut and suppressed inflammation. This could be attributed to the combined immunomodulatory action of probiotics.
References
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3 Kim KJ, Paik H-D, Kim JY. Immune-enhancing effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 200655 isolated from Korean kimchi in a cyclophosphamide-induced immunocompromised mouse model. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021;31:726–32. 10.4014/jmb.2103.03028
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6 Ma Y, Fei Y, Han X, Liu G, Fang J. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum alleviates obesity by altering the composition of the gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice. Front Nutr. 2022;9:947367. 10.3389/fnut.2022.947367
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10 Jang YJ, Kim W-K., Han, D. H., Lee, K., Ko, G. Lactobacillus fermentum species ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by regulating the immune response and altering gut microbiota. Gut Microbes. 2019;10:696–711. 10.1080/19490976.2019.1589281
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22 Kim H, Yoo M-S, Jeon H, Shim J-J, Park W-J, Kim J-Y, et al. Probiotic properties and safety evaluation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HY7718 with superior storage stability isolated from fermented squid. Microorganisms. 2023;11:2254. 10.3390/microorganisms11092254
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26 Buttó LF, Haller D. Dysbiosis in intestinal inflammation: Cause or consequence. Int J Med Microbiol. 2016;306:302–9. 10.1016/j.ijmm.2016.02.010
27 Guenther C, Josenhans C, Wehkamp J. Crosstalk between microbiota, pathogens and the innate immune responses. Int J Med Microbiol. 2016;306:257–65. 10.1016/j.ijmm.2016.03.003
28 Chen D, Lv J, Han T, Kan J, Jin CH, Liu J. Hepatic antioxidant and gut ecological modulation properties of long-term intake of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) flower extract in vivo. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods. 2023;15(3):11–21. 10.15586/qas.v15i3.1209
29 Song W, Lv W, Bi N, Wang G. Tectorigenin suppresses the viability of gastric cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods. 2023;15(3):117–125. 10.15586/qas.v15i3.1357
30 Aziz T, Shabbir MA, Sarwar A, Yang Z, Lin L, Al-Megrin WAI, Shami A, Alwethaynani MS, Alhhazmi AA, Al-Asmari F, Al-Joufi FA, Fallatah D. Revealing Lactiplantibacillus Plantarum K25 Derived (Z)-18-Octadec-9-Enolide in Modulating Aquaporin-8 in Colorectal Cancer by Bridging the Gut Microbiome and Membrane Biology. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2025;1–16. 10.1007/s12013-025-01853-9
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32 Wang C, Chen J. microRNAs as therapeutic targets in intestinal diseases. ExRNA 2019;1:1–12. 10.1186/s41544-019-0026-9
33 Ul Ain N, Naveed M, Aziz T, Shabbir MA, Al Asmari F, Abdi G, Sameeh MY, Alhhazmi AA. Mix-match synthesis of nanosynbiotics from probiotics and prebiotics to counter gut dysbiosis via AI integrated formulation profiling. Sci Rep. 2024;8;14(1):18397. 10.1038/s41598-024-69515-z
34 Ahmad W, Din AU, Khan TM, Rehman MU, Hassan A, Aziz T, Alharbi M, Wu J. Lacticaseibacillusparacasei BNCC345679 revolutionizes DSS-induced colitis and modulates gut microbiota. Front Microbiol. 2024;15:1343891. 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1343891
35 Algieri F, Garrido-Mesa J, Vezza T, Rodríguez-Sojo MJ, Rodríguez-Cabezas ME, Olivares M, et al. Intestinal anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics in DNBS-colitis via modulation of gut microbiota and microRNAs. Eur J Nutr. 2021;60:2537–51. 10.1007/s00394-020-02441-8
36 Seyedian SS, Nokhostin F, Malamir MD. A review of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment methods of inflammatory bowel disease. J Med Life. 2019;12:113. 10.25122/jml-2018-0075
37 Mitropoulou M-A, Fradelos EC, Lee KY, Malli F, Tsaras K, Christodoulou NG, et al. Quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Importance of psychological symptoms. Cureus. 2022;14:e28502. 10.7759/cureus.28502
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Nov 1, 2025
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Naseeb, J., Rehman, M. U., Yang, Z., Aziz, T., Elkhadragy, M. F., A. Alshehri, W., Alhhazmi, A. A., S. Alwethaynani, M., Al Qadeeb, H., Alkhatib, S. N., Alarjani, K. M., & Alghamdi, A. M. (2025). Elucidating the probiotic strategy with Pediococcus acidilactici BCB1H and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HMX2 for restoring normal functions of gut and suppressing inflammation in a DSS-induced colitis animal model. Allergologia Et Immunopathologia, 53(6), 191–205. https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i6.1509
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Research Article
How to Cite
Naseeb, J., Rehman, M. U., Yang, Z., Aziz, T., Elkhadragy, M. F., A. Alshehri, W., Alhhazmi, A. A., S. Alwethaynani, M., Al Qadeeb, H., Alkhatib, S. N., Alarjani, K. M., & Alghamdi, A. M. (2025). Elucidating the probiotic strategy with Pediococcus acidilactici BCB1H and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HMX2 for restoring normal functions of gut and suppressing inflammation in a DSS-induced colitis animal model. Allergologia Et Immunopathologia, 53(6), 191–205. https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i6.1509